不同措施对建平北部石质山地造林效果的影响

The influences of different measures on afforestation effects of rocky mountain in North Jianping County

水分匮乏、土壤瘠薄是影响建平北部石质山地造林效果的主要因子。通过整地、覆盖及改良土壤等试验,研究了提高该区域造林成活率和保存率(两率)的方法。结果表明:造林前1年雨季前整地,翌年雨季前坐水栽植或雨季栽植,"两率"显著高于雨季随挖随栽,且土壤含水率年均值为:水平沟整地>穴状整地>不整地。覆盖措施能显著提高"两率",综合考虑用工和造林效果,采用生牛粪秸秆粉末覆盖最为理想。施用适量的黄腐酸、海藻肥改良土壤能显著提高"两率",而"稀土+膨润土"对"两率"无显著影响。

Water shortage and barren soil are the main limiting factors influence afforestation effects of rocky mountain in north Jian- ping County.The methods to improve survival rate and preservation rate of afforestation were studied by experiments of site prepara- tion, coverage and soil improvement.The results indicated： if the soil was prepared in the rainy season one year before afforestation and trees were planted before or in rainy season in the next year, survival rate and preservation rate were significantly higher than that of planted quickly after digging out, and the annual mean naoisture content of soil were： level-furrow site preparation 〉 foveolate site preparation〉 no site preparation.Coverage could significantly improve survival rate and preservation rate, and the ＂cow dung com- bined with straw powder＂ was the best covering based on considering labor cost and afforestation effect.Adding fulvic acid and sea- weed fertilizer could improve soil quality and promote survival rate and preservation rate of afforestation, but＂tombarthite combined with bentonite＂ has no effect in promoting survival rate and preservation rate.