高速公路瓶颈路段运营通行能力研究

Operational Capacity on Freeway Bottleneck Segment

高速公路瓶颈路段在发生交通拥堵后会引起运营通行能力突变现象,为了更加准确揭示瓶颈路段运营通行能力变化规律,引入非对称驾驶行为理论,改进Newell跟车模型,并对模型进行参数估计和应用分析.通过12个仿真场景及试验数据对比分析了改进模型和美国道路通行能力手册(2010)推荐模型的精确度,发现改进模型可以提高精度;分析了因车道减少导致的交通拥堵,发现关闭不同车道和车道数对运营通行能力影响结果不同,得出了相应的影响值;在一定交通量范围内,入口匝道和出口匝道交通量的增加都会导致主线拥堵路段运营通行能力的降低,并给出了最大降低幅度.研究结果可为缓解高速公路瓶颈路段交通拥堵提供借鉴.

The traffic congestion can cause operational capacity drop phenomenon on freeway bottleneck segment. To reveal the capacity diversification regular pattern, the asymmetric driver behavior theory is used to improve the Newell car-following model. The improved car-following model is calibrated and implemented in field data simulation. By 12 simulation scenarios and field data analysis, the results show that the improved Newell car- following model can increase accuracy in estimate the bottleneck operational capacity compared to the model that Highway Capacity Manual（HCM2010） provided. The traffic congestion due to the lane drop is analyzed, the operational capacity varied in condition close different lane and number of lanes, then the varied value is figured out. The operational capacity on major lane bottleneck segment decreases by changed the flow on on- ramp and off- ramp in range of certain flow change, and the most decreased value is calculated. In conclusion, the results can provide reference for migrate congestion on freeway bottleneck segment.