城市道路人行横道处夜间限速标志前置距离研究

Advance Distance of Speed Limit Sign for Crosswalk of Urban Road at Night

为了保障过街行人的夜间出行安全,开展了城市道路人行横道处夜间限速标志前置距离研究.通过驾驶人夜间视认距离试验,分析了驾驶人夜间对过街行人视认距离随照度及行驶车速的变化规律,构建了驾驶人夜间视认距离与行驶车速、平均光照强度的关系模型.基于安全行驶判别条件,给出了城市道路人行横道处夜间限速标志前置距离的确定方法及对应不同路面类型、车速限制值和路灯平均照度的建议值.研究结果表明:城市道路人行横道处夜间限速标志前置距离宜根据车速限制值与路灯平均照度确定,车速限制值越低、路灯平均照度值越高,前置距离应越大;应用所提出的方法设置夜间限速标志,可以保证过街行人的夜间出行安全.

In order to ensure pedestrian safety at night, the advance distance of speed limit sign is conducted for crosswalk of urban road at night. Through an experiment of driver distance recognition,changing regulation of driver recognition distance at night vs. driving speed and average luminance is studied. Relationship model among driver recognition distance at night, driving speed and average luminance is established. Moreover, calculation method of advance distance of speed limit sign for crosswalk of urban road at night is presented based on discriminating conditions of safe driving. Then suggested values of advance distance of speed limit sign are given corresponding to different pavement type, speed limit value and average luminance. Results show that advance distance of speed limit sign for crosswalk of urban road should be determined by speed limit value and average luminance. The lower speed limit value is and the higher average luminance is, the more advance distance of speed limit sign should be. Applying the presented method to set speed limit sign for crosswalk at night, it can ensure crossing pedestrian＇s safety.