论《理想国》的政治理想——兼与《尚书》政治理想之比较

Discussion on the Political Ideal of The Republic:A Comparison with the Political Ideal of The Book of History

柏拉图在《理想国》中以理念论为核心,描绘了一副"正义"的城邦蓝图,对整个西方政治哲学产生了重大的影响。柏拉图认为古希腊城邦是基于社会分工合作,理想国中各阶级具备各自的美德,不相僭越,城邦就达到了"正义"。通过对《理想国》中城邦的统治者"哲学家或爱智者"与《尚书》中国家的统治者"明君或贤王"的异同进行比较,以及通过对《理想国》的"正义"与《尚书》的"德政"进行评析,阐述《理想国》和《尚书》在历史上的作用与重大贡献。

The core of Plato＇s The Republic is idealism,which describes a ＂justice＂ blueprint of a city and has great influence on western political philosophy.Plato holds that the Greek city-states are based on social division and cooperation.Each class plays his best role in society in order to realize the city of ＂justice＂.Through the comparison between＂the king of philosophy＂in The Republic and the＂good kings＂in The Book of History,and by analyzing the idealism of＂justice＂in The Republic and the＂benevolent rule＂in The Book of History,it is concluded that The Republic and The Book of History both play their roles in history and have made their great contribution to mankind.