日本的大学成人教育发展探析

Research on Development of Adult Education in Japanese Universities

日本的大学一直致力于成人教育的改革与发展。尤其是高等教育陷入生源短缺困局、成人教育自身面临许多困境、社会发展亟需高级技能人才和当前颓势促动成人继续学习的新情况均使日本的大学置身于成人教育实践。而放送大学与终身学习中心在办成人教育方面各有特色。在深入探讨日本大学成人教育发展脉络的基础上,提出日本的大学办成人教育的着力点在于,尽力消除成人学员的学习障碍,保障成人学员的学习权利。日本大学成人教育的未来发展态势表现在:拓宽空间,更加注重办学的创新性;涉足边缘,更加体现教育的人性化;因需而教,更加彰显教育的个性化。

In today's Japan, college enrollment has been declining rapidly, and adult education is also facing difficulties.On the other hand, more highly skilled professionals are in great need to invigorate its tumbling economy. Thus, many universities have committed themselves more than ever to adult education in addition to conventional education. In this respect, the Open University and Lifelong Learning Center have their respective advantages. The present study reviews those universities' s endeavor in developing adult education, and reveals that the key lies in eliminating learning obstacles and ensuring learners' s rights to learn. The study predicts that Japanese universities would explore adult education by means of innovation, individualization, and diversification.