玄参科藏药品种与标准整理

Analysis of varieties and standards of Scrophulariaceae plants used in Tibetan medicine

通过查证藏医学现有文献,对玄参科藏药的品种、基原及标准进行整理和分析。结果表明,现有文献中记载的玄参科藏药共有11属99种(含变种),涉及28个药材品种,藏文名、藏文音译汉文名及基原混乱十分明显;约41.4%(41种)为中国特有植物,约15.2%(15种)的种类作为藏药材被有关藏药标准收载,除玄参、洪连、胡黄连、毛果婆婆纳等药材品种的质量标准较为完善外,多数品种仅有性状、鉴别等项规定。玄参科藏药材这种名称与基原混乱、质量标准不完善的状况在藏药材中较为普遍,已成为制约藏医药发展的突出问题,应当加强藏药的本草考证、资源与使用现状调查,开展资源物种的药效物质基础及生物活性研究,以推动藏药材的品种-名称-基原的规范和质量标准体系的建立。

In this paper,the popular domestic varieties and quality standard of Scrophulariaceae plants used in Tibetan medicine were analyzed. The results showed that there were 11 genera and 99 species（ including varieties）,as well as 28 medicinal materials varieties of Scrophulariaceae plants were recorded in the relevant literatures. In relevant Tibetan standards and literatures,there are great differences in varieties,sources,parts,and efficacies of medicinal plant. Among them,about 41. 4%（ including 41 species） of endemic plants,about 15. 2%（ including 15 species） of the original plants have medicinal standard legal records,except the medicinal materials of Scrophularia ningpoensis,Lagotis brevituba,Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora,Veronica eriogyne general,most varieties have not completed quality standard. Consequently it is necessary to reinforce the herbal textual,resources and the use present situation investigation,the effects of the species resources material foundation and biological activity,quality standard,specification the medical terms of the plants,and promote Tibetan medicinal vareties-terminologies-sources such as the criterion and quality standard system for enriching the varieties of Tibetan medicinal materials and Chinese medicinal resources.