金沙江下游梯级水电站出口推移质沙量模型试验研究

Experimental study on bed-load transport at the exit of cascade hydropower stations on Lower Jinsha River

金沙江的雅砻江汇口至屏山的干流区间是金沙江的主要产沙区,规划有乌东德、白鹤滩、溪洛渡和向家坝等四个重要的水利枢纽。开展金沙江下游推移质沙量研究,对解决金沙江梯级水电站出口推移质沙量不明确的问题,完善泥沙本底资料、延长水库寿命、提高发电效益以及降低机组磨损等都具有现实意义。通过对金沙江下游梯级水电站出口推移质沙量的模型试验研究,探讨了推移质输沙规律,建立了推移质输沙率和水沙因子的关系,确定了天然条件下金沙江下游梯级水电站出口推移质输沙量多年平均为104.6万t。

The watershed of main stream between the Yalong River confluence to Pinshan station is the main sediment yield area in the Jinsha River, where four major hydropower stations are in the planning, including Wudongde, Baihetan, Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba. Experimental study on bed load amount in Jinsha River is very important for finding out the sediment amount in cascade hydropower station exit, improving sediment background data, extending reservoir life, improving electricity generation benefit and reducing unit wear. This paper researches bed-load amount model test of cascade hydropower station exit in the lower Jinsha River, discusses bed load transport law, establishes the correlation between bed load transport rate and water-sediment factor. Finally, the average annual bed load discharge is identified as 1,046,000 tons on natural condition.