某高校教职工代谢性疾病患病情况分析

Analysis of the Prevalence of College Teachers with Metabolic Disorders

目的了解高校教职工代谢性疾病患病情况,为防治疾病和提高教职工健康水平提供依据。方法收集2014年陕西省某高校2 148例教职工的体检资料,分析高血压、高血脂、脂肪肝、高血糖、高尿酸血症和糖尿病检出情况,并对结果进行统计分析。结果2 148例教职工中,检出体质量指数(BMI)异常1 227例(57.1%),其中超质量525例(42.8%),肥胖643例(52.4%),超肥胖59例(4.8%)。50岁年龄段教职工的BMI异常检出率最高,为80.49%,其后依次为40岁、60岁、30岁、70岁和80岁年龄段,分别为69.14%,63.78%,57.32%,47.29%和15.93%。男性教职工中检出高血压137例(18.79%)、高血脂126例(17.28%)、脂肪肝107例(14.68%)、高血糖39例(5.35%)、高尿酸血症15例(2.06%),检出率均高于女性教职工,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。各年龄段教职工不同代谢性疾病的检出率不同,30岁至70岁年龄段,高血压、高尿酸血症和高血糖的检出率随年龄的增长逐渐增高;高血脂在50岁与60岁年龄段的检出率为35.44%和32.82%,明显高于其他年龄段;50岁年龄段脂肪肝的检出率最高,为37.91%。各种代谢性疾病在80岁年龄段的检出率均较低。结论高校教职工的健康状况不容乐观,代谢性疾病患病率较高,应加强教职工,尤其是男性教职工的健康管理。

Objective To explore the prevalence of college teachers with metabolic disorders, and to provide the basis for enhancing college teachers＇ health condition and preventing disease. Methods A total of 2 148 Shanxi college teachers＂ medical examination data in 2014 was collected to analyze the incidence of hypertension, hy- perlipaemia, fatty liver, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia and diabetes. The results were statistically analyzed. Results Of 2 148 college staff, 1 227 persons had abnormal Body Mass Index （BIM）, among which 525 cases （42.8%） were overweight, 643 cases （52.4%） had the problem of obesity, 59 cases （4.8%） were super-obese. The age group of 50-year-old had the highest abnormal BIM, followed by the age groups of 40, 60, 30, 70 and 80-year-old with the ratio of 69.14%,63.78% ,57.32% ,47.29% and 15.93% respectively. According to the ex- amination, 137 male staff （18.79%） had hypertension, 126 male staff （17.28%） had hyperlipidernia, 107 male staff （14.68%） had fatty liver, 39 male staff （5.35%） had hyperglycemia, and 15 male staff （2.06%） had hyperuricemia. The aw＇.rage incidence in men was higher than that in women and the difference was statis- tically significant（P〈0.01）. Different age groups had distinct metabolic disorders, suggesting that for aged 30 to 70 years, the incidence of hypertension, hyperuricemia and hyperglycemia increased with age. For staff aged 50 to 60-year-old, the incidence of hyperlipidemia were 35.44% and 32.82% which were obviously higher than that of other age groups. The age group of 50-year-old had highest incidence （37.91%） of fatty liver. Among the age group of 80-year-old, lower incidence of metabolic disorders was founded. Conclusion College teach- ers＇ health condition is not good, showing high incidence of metabolic disorders. Actions should be taken to improve health management for college staff, in particular for male teachers.