“但开风气,不为人师”——再论胡适的自传观

“Open the Atmosphere up,not for theMaster”:The Discussion on Hu Shi's Viewpoint about Autobiography

胡适对传记的考察是立足于现实、着眼于未来的研究。胡适首先对中国传统传记文学给予全盘否定,试图切断传记与历史传统之间的联系,将众人的视线拉向现实,并结合本土资源,以此为基点,试图打开"传记/自传写作"的风气。为了推广自传写作,胡适在内涵上有意忽略自传所具有的文学性,强调自传的史料价值;另外,试图从外延上扩大自传范围,将自传年谱、日记、札记纳入传记文学。中国20世纪30年代中期"自传热"的出现,胡适实有开拓和推广之功。

Hu Shi’s study on biography is based on reality,but focus on the future.Hu Shi gave a total repudiation to the traditional Chinese biographical literature firstly,trying to cut off the links between the biography and historical tradition,pull people’s attention to the reality,then combining the local resources as a basis,trying to open the atmosphere of biography/autobiography writing up.In order to promote autobiography writing,Hu Shi ignored the literariness of autobiography in connotation deliberately,emphasizing the historical value of the autobiography.Then attempted to expand the scope of the autobiography inextension,including the autobiography chronicles,diaries,notes into the biography.In the mid thirty’s twentieth Century,the emergence of the＂autobiography fever＂in China,Hu Shi has the developing and promotion of the work.