改良型髌骨轴位投照法在诊断髌骨脱位半脱位中的应用价值

Clinical application of improved method of axial view of patella in the diagnosis of luxation and subluxation of the patella

目的探讨髌骨轴位改良摄影方法在诊断髌骨脱位半脱位中的应用价值。方法采用改良型髌骨体位（患者俯卧,患膝屈曲45°,球管头倾45°）与传统型髌骨体位（患者俯卧,患膝最大限度屈曲,球管头倾15°～20°）投照方法进行对比,并测量髌骨适合角、外侧髌骨角、髌骨指数、髌骨外移度四个参数,两组进行对比分析。结果 124例改良型的髌骨轴位投照均取得满意效果,达到诊断要求;而对照组的检查结果显示仅有79例达到诊断要求。两种检查方法比较,适合角、外侧髌骨角、髌骨指数和髌骨外移度的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论改良型髌骨轴位投照方法在诊断髌骨脱位半脱位方面比常规方法准确率高,操作简单易行,值得推广。

Objective To explore the value of improved method of axial view of patella in the diagnosis of luxation and subluxation of patella. Methods The value of improved method（prone position, knee flexion of 45°,the tube head tilt of 45°） were investigated, compared with the traditional method（prone position, maximum knee flexion, tube head tilt of 15°～20°）. Five parameters were measured： congruence angle, lateral patellar angle, patellar index and the dislocation degree of patella, which were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 124 patients obtained satisfactory results by improved method, while 79 cases meet the diagnostic requirements by the traditional method. There was statistically significant difference in congruence angle, lateral patellar angle, patellar index and the dislocation degree of patella（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The improved method of axial view of patella is more accurate than traditional method in the diagnosis of luxation and subluxation of patella, which is easy to operate and worthy to be popularized.