城市化过程中环洱海区域土地利用及景观格局变化分析

Analysis of Land Use and Landscape Pattern Change in Erhai Lake during Rapid Urbanization

应用RS、GIS技术和地理学及景观生态学的方法以1990年、2000年、2009年、2014年大理环洱海区域的遥感数据为基础,采用监督分类法制作了4期土地利用分类图,并计算了8种景观格局指数,对24年间的土地利用及景观格局变化情况进行了分析。认为在城市化过程中区域内各用地类型间相互转化频繁,景观中斑块数量变少,平均面积增大,趋于规则几何形,建筑及交通用地更加聚集,使总体区域成为一个更加紧实的整体,并逐渐从周边自然环境中独立出来。区域内基础设施建设和经济发展得到增强,景观内部的生物多样性降低,生态服务价值下降,这是导致当地人地关系紧张的主要因素之一。

Based on remote sensing data of Dali Erhai Lake area in 1990, 2000, 2009 and 2014, using the methods of RS and GIS technology and the principle of geography and landscape ecology, using supervised Classification, and we produced 4 periods of land use classification map, calculating 8 kinds of landscape pattern indexes, analysis land use and landscape pattern change in recent 24 years in Erhai Lake area. The results showed that, each land use type are transformed into each other frequently, the plaques in the study area become less, the average area increased, and the shape tends to geometric shape. The construction and traffic land more gathered, so that the overall region becomes a more compact overall and independent from the surrounding natural environment. Infrastructure construction and economic development are enhanced, biodiversity and the value of ecosystem services are declined, and this is the main factors the tense ralationship between man and land usage.