海洋生态文明示范创建问题分析与政策建议

Analysis and Policy Recommendations of Marine Ecological Civilization Demonstration Construction

海洋生态文明示范创建是我国在现行管理体制下探索的,由中央层面为发起者和考核主体、以地方层面为运行者和实践主体,通过对不同行政层级的生态文明相关指标达标考核为手段来促进各类生态文明工程建设、制度建设和行为规范化的过程。海洋生态文明示范创建的基本内涵可概括为由海洋生态产业、海洋生态制度、海洋生态文化和海洋生态社会四个因子组成的系统。认为当前海洋生态文明示范区申报、建设、考核、验收和管理办法存在考核体系不够完善、创建过程缺乏有效激励、建设主体权威性不足等问题,提出了按"四因子"进一步完善示范创建的考核指标设置,根据主体功能区规划的布局划分和功能定位实施创建分类推进,增强资金奖励、政策优惠以及实施常态化考核奖惩机制的建议。

Marine ecological civilization demonstration construction is under the current management system, which is initiated and checked by the central government, and implemented by the local government. This activity promotes ecological civilization construction which includes projects development, institutional development and behavior standardization by relevant indicators assessment. The basic connotation of marine ecological civilization demonstration construction can be summarized by system consisting of marine eco-industrial, marine ecology institution, marine culture and marine ecological community. It is considered that the current marine ecological civilization construction process such as declaration, construction, evaluation, acceptance and management are not perfect, and the problems include： imperfection for assessment indicators, lack of effective incentives for construction, lack of authority for principal parts. Four suggestions were proposed as follows, a） to improve the assessment criteria; b） to promote the construction of marine ecological civilization according to main functional area planning; c） to enhance financial and policy incentives; and d） to implement normalization assessment.