苹果蠹蛾种群遗传多样性研究进展

Recent advances concerning the population genetic diversity of the codling moth,Cydia pomonella(L.)

苹果蠹蛾是重要的世界性果树害虫,寄主广泛,通过形成各种生态型或种群适应新入侵环境,对当地果品生产造成严重损失。本文综述了国内外有关苹果蠹蛾遗传多样性的研究进展。相关研究表明,寄主植物、地理隔离和杀虫剂等因素影响种群间的遗传多样性和遗传分化。其中,地理隔离是种群间形成遗传分化的主要原因之一,寄主分布格局、气候条件、虫体飞行能力和人为活动等因素都会影响种群间遗传分化的程度。苹果蠹蛾是我国重要的入侵害虫,我国东北地区和西北地区的苹果蠹蛾种群具有不同的遗传多样性水平,并且种群间有一定程度的分化,今后需要进一步研究影响我国苹果蠹蛾种群遗传的重要因素,明确该虫种群间分化情况、入侵来源和扩散路径,这对于延缓苹果蠹蛾在我国的扩散,制定合理有效的综合防治策略具有重要意义。

The codling moth,Cydia pomonella is an important cosmopolitan fruit pest. This species has a wide host range,and forms various ecotypes or populations to adapt newly invaded habitats,thus causing serious economic losses to fruit production every year. The research progresses of C. pomonella genetic diversity in China and other counties were reviewed in the current paper. The previous research showed that some factors including host plants,geographic isolation and insecticide application could affect the population genetics of C. pomonella. Geographic isolation was one of the major factors which caused genetic differentiation of the pest,whilst other factors including host plant distribution,climate,flight capacity and anthropogentic measures could also influence the extent of genetic differentiation. C. pomonella populations from the northwestern vs. northeastern China have different level of genetic diversity,and show genetic differentiation. The further research need to be done to analyze the major factors that influence the population genetics of the codling moth in China,and to clarify the genetic differentiation,invasion origins,distribution routes of the pest,which will be important for slowing down the spread and help the development of integrated control of the pest in China.