非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变患者发病的相关因素研究

Risk factors and long-term changes of non-arteritis anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy

目的:探讨非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变患者发病的相关因素与长期改变。方法:选取我院2010-01/2015-06期间收治的非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变患者360例为病变组,另外选取同期于我院体检的健康人群400例为对照组。统计患者临床资料,并行光学相干断层扫描。结果:病例组和对照组在性别比例、糖尿病史、高血压史、动脉硬化史、视盘面积、视杯面积、盘沿面积、杯/盘面积比、水平杯盘比、垂直杯盘比、空腹血糖(FBG)和甘油三酯(TG)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性、糖尿病史、高血压史、动脉硬化史、视盘面积、视杯面积、杯/盘面积比、水平杯盘比、垂直杯盘比、FBG和TG是非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变的独立危险因素。病例组发病6、12、18mo的上方、鼻侧、下方、颞侧和全周视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)病例组不同病程患者之间备参数比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:男性、糖尿病史、高血压史、动脉硬化史、视盘面积、视杯面积、杯/盘面积比、水平杯盘比、垂直杯盘比、FBG和TG是非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变的独立危险因素,远期RNFL损害可能无进一步加重。

AIM：To investigate the risk factors and long-term changes of non-arteritis anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy（NAION）. METHODS：Three hundred and sixty cases of patients with NAION in our hospital from January 2010 to Juny 2015 were used as patients group and another 400 people undergoing health examination were used as control group. The clinical data was collected. Optical coherence tomography（OCT）was performed. RESULTS：There were significant difference on gender, history of diabetes or hypertension, arteriosclerosis history, disc area, cup area, rim area, cup/disc area ratio, horizontal cup-disc ratio, vertical cup-disc ratio, FBG and TG of two groups（P〈0.05）. Male, with diabetes, history of hypertension, arteriosclerosis history, disc area, cup area, rim area, cup/disc area ratio, horizontal cup-disc ratio, vertical cup-disc ratio, FBG and TG were independent risk factors of NAION. Top, nasal, below temporal side and average global retinal nerve fiber layer（RNFL）of patients with NAION at 6,12 and 18mo after the onset were significantly lower than those of control group（P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference between patients with different disease course（P〉0.05）. CONCLUSION：Male, with diabetes, history of hypertension, arteriosclerosis history, disc area, cup area, rim area, cup/disc area ratio, horizontal cup-disc ratio, vertical cup-disc ratio, FBG and TG are independent risk factors of NAION. Long-term damage of RNFL may not aggravate.