眼科手术中结膜囊消毒剂的应用与研究

Application and study of conjunctival sac disinfectants in ophthalmic surgeries

眼内炎是眼科术后最为严重的并发症,结膜囊消毒是目前公认的能有效减少眼内炎发生的重要措施。目前已应用临床或在研究的结膜囊消毒剂主要有:汞剂、庆大霉素、聚维酮碘、酸性电解质水。备类消毒剂通过不同的途径发挥消毒杀菌作用。目前临床应用最为广泛的结膜囊消毒剂是聚维酮碘,汞剂及庆大霉素因其对环境的污染、易产生耐药菌、局部副反应重等原因现已鲜少使用于临床。酸性电解质水目前亦尚未使用于临床。随着眼科手术的普及及发展,眼科医师对患者术后眼部舒适度也越来越关注,未来结膜囊消毒剂的研究与应用将不断更新发展。

Postoperative endophthalmitis is the most serious complications of ophthalmic surgeries. Conjunctival sac disinfection is currently recognized as an effectively important way to reduce the risk of endophthalmitis. At present, there are some disinfectants has been used in clinic or in the researches：mercury agent, gentamicin, povidone iodine and acid electrolytic water. All kinds of disinfectants play the role of disinfection by different ways. Povidone iodine is the most widely used conjunctival sac disinfectant. Mercurial and gentamicin have been rarely used because they pollute the environment, are easy to cause drug resistant bacteria, localized side reactions and so on. The acid electrolyte water is not used in clinic at present. With the popularization and development of the ophthalmic surgeries, the ophthalmologists have become more and more concerned about the postoperative eye comfort, the research and application of conjunctival sac disinfectant in the future will continue to be updated and developed.