海面刚体目标微动特征建模及特性分析

Modeling of Micromotion and Analysis of Properties of Rigid Marine Targets

微多普勒描述了海面目标运动的精细特征,成为区分海杂波和目标的有用特征之一,有助于提高雷达目标探测和识别能力。该文以对海观测雷达为平台,建立了海杂波中微动目标雷达回波模型。首先,简要回顾了微动和微多普勒效应的定义,归纳总结出微多普勒效应的内涵和实质,并给出了海面刚体目标的微动特征分类。然后,根据观测时长将模型分为距离单元内微动目标回波模型和长时间微动目标观测模型;根据海面微动目标的运动形式,将模型分为非匀速平动目标回波模型和3轴转动目标回波模型。最后,采用雷达实测数据分析微动特征并验证模型的有效性。

As one of the most useful phenomena for separating sea clutter and marine targets, micro-Doppler（m-D） describes the refined motion characteristics of a marine target and helps to improve the abilities of radar detection and recognition. In this study, based on maritime radar, the signal model of a target with micromotion in sea clutter is described. Initially, the definitions of micromotion and m-D are briefly reviewed with a description of their details, and a classification of rigid marine targets that exhibit micromotion is introduced. Then, according to the duration of the observation time, we establish two types of signal models,i.e., in one range unit and across range unit. According to the type of motion, we establish separate signal models for non-uniform translational motion and rotational motion. Finally, the properties of micromotion are analyzed using real radar data, and the effectiveness of the established models is verified.