神经外科围术期的抗菌药物应用状况294例患者回顾性分析

Application of Antibiotics in Neurosurgery Department Patients during the Perioperave

目的通过总结笔者医院神经外科患者在围术期的抗菌药物应用状况,探讨临床合理用药方法与建议。方法选取2012年6月～2014年6月笔者医院神经外科开展手术治疗的294例患者作为研究样本,针对所有病例围术期的抗菌药物应用情况开展回顾性分析,依次在用药方式、时机、性质及种类不同方向进行总结,通过具体类别比较归纳临床用药方式并分析其合理性。结果本组病例围术期应用抗菌药物共291例（98.98%）,术前2h内用药161例（55.33%）,预防性用药262例（90.03%）,单品用药259例（89.00%）,静脉滴注给药261例（89.69%）,不良反应发生率为3.09%。在应用药物种类中主要以1代头孢菌素、2代头孢菌素及头霉素类最为常见。结论笔者医院神经外科患者围术期在以1代头孢菌素、2代头孢菌素及头霉素类为主的抗菌药物应用效果较为满意,但仍存在应用范围过宽、药品选择较局限等问题,临床药师需给予更多关注,提高临床用药的合理性。

Objective By summing up the application status of antibiotics in neurosurgery department patients of our hospital, to investigate methods and suggestions of clinical rational use of medicines. Methods We selected 294 patients with surgical treatment in neurosurgery department from June 2012 to June 2014,and retrospectively analyzed the application status of antibiotics during the perioperative.We summarized the clinical approach, timing, nature and type sequentially, analyzed the rationality. Results A total of 291 cases （98.98%） used antibiotics during perioperative, in which, 161 cases （55.33%） used at 2h before surgery, 262 cases （90.03%） was preventive effect, 259 cases （89.00%） applied single antibiotics, 261 cases （89.69%） used intravenous administration, and the incidence of adverse reactions was 3.09%. The first-generation cephalosporins, the second-generation cephalosporins and cephamycins were the main drug type. Conclusion The application of antibiotics of 1st generation cephalosporins, 2nd generation cephalosporins and cephamycins relatively satisfied in neurosurgery department of our hospital during the perioperative. But the range of applications is so wide and choice of drugs is more limited, the clinical pharmacists need to give more attention, thereby improving rationality.