广东东莞不同类型云的雨滴谱和降水特征

Characteristics of Raindrop Size Distribution and Precipitation Produced by Clouds of Different Types over Dongguan

利用设置在东莞站的Parsivel激光降水粒子谱测量系统于2010年获取的观测资料,对数据有效性进行验证并开展15次降水的特征参量分析。层状云降水(S)、积层混合云降水(M)、积雨云降水(C)各选取两次典型过程,对各种特征参量之间的相关性和雨滴谱特征进行细致分析,结果表明:平均粒子直径、平均雨强、平均雨水含量、过程最大立方根直径、过程最大雨强的分布规律明显,基本遵循"C>M>S"的规律;同种类型降水的雨滴谱型非常接近,层状云存在单峰谱,混合云和积状云是明显的双峰谱或多峰谱;M、C型降水的大雨滴明显多于S型降水;雨水含量与雨强的相关性最好,雷达反射率因子与雨强的相关性次之;层状云降水主要为1mm以下小粒子,积状云和积层混合云降水雨滴谱宽较大,1mm以上大粒子数浓度较大。

The characteristics of 15 events precipitation in 2010 are analyzed based on the data observed by the raindrop disdrometer in Donguan, Guangdong Province. Six typical cases, including 2 stratiform precipitation （S）, 2 Mixed convective and Stratiform precipitation （M）, and 2 convective precipitation （C） events, are selected to analyze the relevance of various feature parameters and the characteristics of rain drop size distribution. The results show that the regularities of the distribution of parameters, including average particle diameter, average rainfall intensity, average rainwater content, the largest cube root diameter, and the most rainfall intensity, are C〉M〉S; the raindrop spectrum models of the precipitation produced by the same type of clouds are very close to each other, and there is a single peak spectrum in 2 S-type precipitation. The raindrop size distributions of M-and C-type precipitation are obvious 2- or multi- peak model. There are more bigger raindrops in M-and C-type precipitation than in S-type precipitation; the relevance between rainwater content and rainfall intensity is the best, and that between radar reflectivity and rainfall intensity is the next; there are mainly small particles below 1 mm in S-type precipitation; the widths of raindrop spectrum of M-and C-type precipitation are bigger than that of S-type precipitation, and there are more particles of over 1 mm.