北京市昌平区居民食物消费现状及变化趋势分析

Trend Analysis on Food Consumption Status in Residents of Changping District,Beijing

目的了解昌平区居民食物消费现状及变化趋势。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,在昌平区抽取4个居委会、2个村委会共198户居民进行询问调查及膳食调查。结果昌平区居民每标准人日谷类、薯类、豆及豆制品、蔬菜、水果、坚果、畜禽肉、奶及奶制品、蛋及蛋制品、水产品、食用油、糕点小吃、糖及淀粉、盐、酱油、酱类的消费量分别为311.1g、44.4g、9.6g、351.5g、149.1g、13.5g、81.2g、66.3g、46.7g、19.4g、37.1g、16.2g、5.6g、9.2g、16.6g和4.7g。与2002年比较,昌平区居民杂粮、深色蔬菜、奶类消费量增加,畜禽肉、油盐消费量明显减少。城镇居民杂粮、农村居民米类、奶类消费量与年人均收入水平成正相关,畜禽肉、城镇居民面类、酱油、农村居民豆及豆制品消费量与年人均收入水平成负相关。结论昌平区居民膳食状况较2002年有较大改善,膳食结构有所优化,但仍然存在不利于健康的因素,油盐消费量依然较高,豆类、奶及奶制品、水产品摄入量亟待提高。

Objective To investigate the food consumption status and variation trend in residents of Changping district.Methods With cluster random sampling method,198 residents in 4neighborhood committee and 2village committees were surveyed.Results The consumption of grain,potato,bean and products,vegetable,fruit,nut,livestock and poultry meat,milk and products,egg and product,aquatic product,edible oil,pastry snacks,sugar and starch,salt,soy and sauce per man-day in the residents was respectively 311.1g,44.4g,9.6g,351.5g,149.1g,13.5g,81.2g,66.3g,46.7g,19.4g,37.1g,16.2g,5.6g,9.2g,16.6g and 4.7g.Compare with 2002,the food grains other than wheat and rice,deep color vegetable and dairy increased,while the livestock and poultry meat,oil and salt decreased.The food grains other than wheat and rice in urban residents,rice in rural residents,and dairy consumption were positively associated with their income;while the livestock and poultry meat,flour in urban residents,sauce,bean and products in rural residents were negatively associated with their income.Conclusion The food status in Changping residents is improved compare with 2002 and the dietary pattern is optimized to somewhat.Nevertheless,the adverse factors to health still exist.The consumption of oil and salt stays high and the intake of bean,dairy,quantic products need to be timely increased.