择时运动对运动员组织损伤和氧化应激的影响

Specific Training Causing Effect on Tissue Damage and Oxidative Stress of Athletes

目的：观察择时运动对青年男子运动员组织损伤和氧化应激的影响,为科学指导训练提供理论依据.方法：25名青年男子足球运动员进行两次Wingate实验（两次测试的间隔为3d）,测试时间分别在清晨（7：00~9：00）和傍晚（17：00~19：00）.测定受试者口腔温度并取静脉血测定,测定血常规、血生化、组织损伤和氧化应激标志物.结果：1）受试者最大功率、平均功率和疲劳指数以及RPE值在傍晚高于清晨（P〈0.05）;2）安静时（运动前）,傍晚口腔温度、WBC及其亚群、血生化（GLC和CRE）、组织损伤标志物（CK,LDH,AST和ALT）和氧化水平（MDA）高于清晨（P〈0.05）,RBC,HCT和抗氧化水平（T-AOC,TBIL和UA）低于清晨（P〈0.05）;3）清晨运动后除抗氧化参数外均显著性升高（P〈0.05）,傍晚运动后所有指标均显著性增加（P〈0.05）;（4）傍晚运动后除抗氧化参数和HCT外其他各指标均高于清晨运动后水平（P〈0.05）.结论：1）青年男子足球运动员的无氧运动能力和运动性疲劳程度在傍晚高于清晨,其原因可能与安静状态下组织损伤和氧化应激水平具有日节律波动性有关;2）一次高强度运动后组织损伤与氧化水平的日节律变异依然存在,而抗氧化水平的日节律变异则减弱.

Objective：To investigate the effects of time-of-day training on tissue damage and oxidative stress in young male athletes and provide theoretic evidence for guiding exercise training scientifically.Methods：25young male football athletes performed Wingate test at 2different times of day on morning（7：00-9：00）and evening（17：00-19：00）respectively,which interval duration was 3days between 2tests.Oral temperature,blood routine,blood biochemicals,tissue damage and oxidative stress markers were determined.Results：1）Peak power,mean power,fatigue index and RPE of the subjects in evening were higher than morning（P〈0.05）;2）At rest（before training）,oral temperature,WBC and its subpopulation,blood biochemicals（GLC and CRE）,tissue damage markers（CK,LDH,AST and ALT）and oxidative indicator（MDA）in evening were higher than morning（P〈0.05）,while those of RBC,HCT and anti-oxidant level（T-AOC,TBIL and UA）were lower than morning（P〈0.05）;3）After morning exercise,all indexes except anti-oxidant level were increased（P〈0.05）,after evening exercise,all indicators raised（P〈0.05）;4）All except anti-oxidant level and HCT were higher after evening training than morning exercise（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：1）anaerobic exercise capacity and exercise-induced fatigue were higher in the evening than morning in young male football athletes which was related with circadian rhythm of tissue damage and oxidative stress at rest;2）after a bout of high intensity training,circadian rhythm of tissue damage and oxidative level still existed while that of anti-oxidant level reduced.