哺乳动物脂肪细胞的分化及调控

Progress in the Regulation of Adipocyte Differentiation

从形态特征上,可以将组成动物机体的脂肪分为白色脂肪、棕色脂肪和米色脂肪。骨髓来源和脂肪来源的间充质干细胞经血液循环等途径进入各组织器官,经过增殖形成脂肪祖细胞,再由祖细胞分化成为脂肪前体细胞与成熟的脂肪细胞。在生理条件下,白色脂肪与棕色脂肪可以相互转换,二者可动态转换。如果二者之间的平衡被打破,可能会引发多种疾病(如肥胖症、2型糖尿病、高血脂、脂肪肝、心血管疾病以及乳腺癌等)。米色脂肪是白色脂肪向棕色脂肪转化时出现的中间类型。不同类型脂肪之间的转换受若干种因子和因素的调控,该文将对脂肪的分化及其调节机制作一综述。

On the morphology, animal fat can be divided into white fat, brown fat and beige fat. Marrow- derived and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells flowed into all kinds of tissues and organs through blood circulation, after formed adipose progenitor by cell proliferation, and differentiate into fat cells and mature fat cells. Under physiological conditions, white fat and brown fat can be converted each other, they are dynamic conversion process. If the balance between the two adipose is broken, a variety of diseases would be caused, such as obesity, type II diabetes, high blood lipids, fatty liver, cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. Beige fat is an intermediate in the process of white and brown fat conversion. Conversion between different types of fats is affected by several factors and their regulation mechanism, this article will be reviewed to describe the fat differentiation and its regulation mechanism.