2010-2014年吉林省肺结核病疫情动态分析

Analysis of epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Jilin Province from 2010 to 2014

目的了解和掌握吉林省2010-2014年肺结核病的流行特征,为制定肺结核预防和控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集2010-2014年吉林省肺结核监测和疫情调查资料,采用描述性流行病学方法和相应的统计学处理进行分析。结果 5年间共报告发病97 354例,发病率在60.66-83.79/10万之间,年平均发病率为70.87/10万,发病率呈逐年下降的趋势;高发地区为白城市、吉林市、四平市和长春市;高发季节为3-4月份;发病人群以农民为主,15-25岁组人群发病率较高,35岁之后随年龄增加发病率上升;男性发病率高于女性,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论 2010-2014年吉林省肺结核发病率和发病人数呈现下降趋势,肺结核疫情在地区、季节、年龄、职业和性别分布上存在明显差异,应针对吉林省肺结核疫情的特点采取有效预防措施。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Jilin Province from 2010 to2014,and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods Data were collected from surveillance and investigation of tuberculosis in Jilin province in 2010-2014,and were analyzed by descriptive study and statistics methods. Results About 97 354 new cases were reported during 5 years,the incidence rate was 60. 66 to 83. 79 per100 000,the average incidence rate was 70. 87 per 100000. The disease distributed widely with cases reporting in nine regions,Baicheng,Jilin,Siping and Changchun were regions with high prevalence rate of tuberculosis,the incidence time mainly concentrated in March and April. The populations with most cases were farmers. The higher incidence,15 to 25 groups rising incidence increased with age after the age of 35,incidence of men than women. Conclusion The infection of tuberculosis and the cases of tuberculosis are both falling from 2010 to 2014 in Jilin province. The distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis patients is significantly different in the region,season,age,occupation and gender. The prevention and control strategies should depend on the prevalent characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis.