基于蝴蝶结模型的高速铁路车站安全风险管理

Risk Management of High-speed Railway Station based on Bow-tie Model

高速铁路车站的开放式设计、统一候车、商业化及电子设备繁多等给旅客生命和财产安全带来隐患,进行风险分析具有实际意义。在概述蝴蝶结模型结构和特点的基础上,对现有高速铁路车站旅客进出站顺序和空间架构进行分析,提出恐怖袭击、拥挤踩踏、火灾爆炸及疾病卫生4个风险事件。通过安全屏障中控制措施分析构建高速铁路车站安全风险蝴蝶结模型;阐释模型的应用领域和实际运用方法,以及在高速铁路风险管理中的适用性。

For the open design, unified waiting, commercialization and diversified electronic equipments of high-speed railway station will bring hidden troubles for passenger life and property safety, so risk analysis has actual meaning. Based on summarizing the structure and characteristics of bow-tie model, this paper makes analysis on passengers entry exit sequence and spatial framework in high-speed railway station, and puts forward 4 risk events like terrorist attack, crowd trample, fire and explosion as well as disease and health. Through analyzing the control measures of safety barrier, the bow-tie model of safety risk of high-speed railway station was established, and the application area and actual utilization method of the model as well as the applicability of the model application on high-speed railway risk management were expounded in the paper.