河北省老年人生活满意度现状调查

Investigation on Living Satisfaction of the Aged in Hebei Province

目的调查河北省老年人生活满意度,并分析其影响因素。方法采用整群分层随机抽样法,于2014年2—6月抽取河北省张家口、石家庄、邯郸3个地区9个城市居委会和9个农村村委会年龄≥60岁的老年人3 800人作为调查对象。采用自行设计的调查表调查老年人生活满意度,包括年龄、性别、文化程度、月收入、居住情况、承担家务比例、健康状况、睡眠情况、社会地位、与子女来往情况、人际关系等。采用单因素分析及多因素非条件logistic回归分析分析老年人生活满意度的影响因素。结果共计发放调查表3 800份,回收3 800份,剔除部分填写项目不全、不符合要求的调查表后,有效3 564份,有效率为91.95%,河北省老年人生活满意度为75.93%（2 706/3 564）。不同年龄、性别、文化程度、月收入、居住情况、承担家务比例、健康情况、睡眠情况、社会地位、与子女来往情况、人际关系老年人生活满意度比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,女性〔OR=0.286,95%CI（0.219,0.373）〕、月收入1 000元~〔OR=0.397,95%CI（0.257,0.613）〕或2000元~〔OR=0.191,95%CI（0.130,0.279）〕、与配偶同住〔OR=0.106,95%CI（0.069,0.163）〕或与晚辈同住〔OR=0.341,95%CI（0.248,0.469）〕、承担家务比例〈25%〔OR=0.161,95%CI（0.100,0.260）〕或25%~〔OR=0.121,95%CI（0.076,0.191）〕或75%~〔OR=0.507,95%CI（0.333,0.774）〕、有小毛病〔OR=0.036,95%CI（0.023,0.056）〕或有慢性病〔OR=0.356,95%CI（0.240,0.528）〕是老年人生活满意度的保护因素,年龄70岁~〔OR=2.173,95%CI（1.107,4.267）〕、文化程度小学及以下〔OR=2.571,95%CI（1.576,4.195）〕或中学〔OR=1.695,95%CI（1.033,2.780）〕或本科及以上〔OR=3.596,95%CI（2.127,6.079）〕、中度失眠〔OR=4.635,95%CI（2.947,7.291）〕或严重失眠〔OR=6.063,95%CI（3.695,9.949）〕、对自己人际关系不满意〔OR=30.721,95%CI（20.554,45.917）〕是老年人生活满意度的危险因素（P〈0.05）;年龄80岁~、月收入500元~、轻度失眠、社会地位、与子女来往情况与老年人生活满意度无关（P〉0.05）。结论河北省老年人总体生活满意度较高,主要受年龄、性别、文化程度、收入水平、居住情况、承担家务量、健康状况、睡眠情况及人际关系等因素的影响。

Objective To investigate the living satisfaction of the aged in Hebei Province,to analyze its influencing factors. Methods From February to June in 2014,a total of 3 800 old residents equal or over 60 years old were selected from 9urban residential committees and 9 rural village committees by stratified random cluster sampling method in Zhangjiakou,Shijiazhuang,Handan,Hebei Province. Self- designed questionnaire was used to investigate the living satisfaction of the aged,including age, gender, educational level, monthly income, inhabiting information, housework bearing, physical condition,sleeping quality,social status, relationship with children, interpersonal relationship and so on, and univariate analysis and multivariate non- conditional logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The effective rate of the questionnaires was 91. 95%（ 3 564 /3 800）,the living satisfaction of the aged in Hebei Province was 75. 93%（ 2 706 /3 564）. There were statistically significant differences of living satisfaction in the old residents with different age, gender,educational levels,monthly income,inhabiting information,housework bearing,physical conditions,sleeping quality,social status,relationship with children, interpersonal relationship（ P 〈0. 05）. Multivariate non- conditional logistic regression analysis showed that, female 〔OR = 0. 286,95% CI（ 0. 219,0. 373） 〕, monthly income over 1 000 yuan 〔OR = 0. 397,95% CI（ 0. 257,0. 613） 〕or 2 000 yuan 〔OR = 0. 191,95% CI（ 0. 130,0. 279） 〕,living with spouse〔OR = 0. 106,95%CI（ 0. 069,0. 163） 〕 or the younger generation 〔OR = 0. 341,95% CI（ 0. 248,0. 469） 〕,proportion of housework bearing less than 25% 〔OR = 0. 161,95% CI（ 0. 100,0. 260） 〕 or between 25% and 75% 〔OR = 0. 121,95% CI（ 0. 076,0. 191） 〕 or over 75% 〔OR = 0. 507,95% CI（ 0. 333,0. 774） 〕, with minor physical complaints 〔OR = 0. 036,95% CI（ 0. 023,0. 056） 〕 or chronic disease 〔OR = 0. 356,95% CI（ 0. 240,0. 528） 〕 were protective factors of the living satisfaction of the aged in Hebei Province, while over 70 years old 〔OR = 2. 173,95% CI（ 1. 107,4. 267） 〕, educational level equal or below primary school 〔OR = 2. 571,95% CI（ 1. 576,4. 195） 〕 or equal secondary school 〔OR = 1. 695,95%CI（ 1. 033,2. 780） 〕 or equal or over undergraduate 〔OR = 3. 596,95% CI（ 2. 127,6. 079） 〕,moderate insomnia 〔OR =4. 635,95% CI（ 2. 947, 7. 291） 〕 or severe insomnia 〔OR = 6. 063, 95% CI（ 3. 695, 9. 949） 〕, not satisfied with interpersonal relationship 〔OR = 30. 721,95% CI（ 20. 554,45. 917） 〕 were risk factors of the living satisfaction of the aged in Hebei Province（ P 〈0. 05）; while over 80 years old, monthly income over 500 yuan, mild insomnia, social status and relationship with children did not correlated with the living satisfaction of the aged in Hebei Province（ P〉 0. 05）. Conclusion The whole living satisfaction of the aged in Hebei Province is relatively high, and it is mainly affected by age, gender,educational level, monthly income, inhabiting information, housework bearing, physical condition, sleeping quality and interpersonal relationship.