摘要
目的探讨地域差异下早产的相关影响因素。方法收集郑州、百色及上海三市2013年6月~2014年6月分娩的6000例产妇病例(650例早产),对三地早产产妇分娩婴儿的早产率,性别、产妇的产前流产史、职业、文化程度、负性生活事件数、睡眠时间以及孕期体重指数(body mass index,BMI)的变化量进行详细统计,采用χ2检验进行分析。结果郑州、百色及上海三地早产儿早产率分别为8.75%、10.3%、13.45%;男女比例分别为0.9663、1.0600、0.9779,三地比较差异无统计学意义;早产产妇无流产史的比例分别为75.4%、76.7%、73.6%,流产史对不同地域间的早产没有显著影响;在岗产妇发生早产的比例分别为:52.0%、26.2%、79.2%,文化程度低的产妇中早产的比例为49.0%、70.4%、20.1%,产妇的职业、文化程度对不同地域间的早产的影响较为显著(P〈0.05);负性生活事件的影响在上海的早产率为57.2%,与广西百色市的31.3%和郑州的18.3%相比所占比重明显较大;三地的早产产妇睡眠时间存在差异(P〈0.05),郑州地区为(7.89±0.76)h,与百色的(6.54±0.28)h和上海的(7.05±0.60)h相比较为接近标准正常值;孕期的△BMI分别为(5.14±1.81)kg/m^2、(3.94±0.72)kg/m^2、(4.86±1.16)kg/m^2,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论不同地域的妊娠妇女早产率不同,早产的原因也有所不同,产前有无流产史、婴儿的性别对早产没有影响;产妇收入不稳定(无业)、文化程度低、负性生活事件数影响严重、睡眠不足以及孕期体重指数增量少的地区早产率较高。
Objective To explore relevant impact factors of premature birth in different regions. Methods Six thousand mothers who once had premature birth during June 2013 to June 2014 in Zhengzhou, Baise and Shanghai were collected, then their premature rate, the statistical data of their infants' gender, their abortion history, profession, educated degrees and negative events in their life as well as the sleep time and body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy were calculated, next %2 test was performed to analyze it. Results The premature rate in Zhengzhou, Baise and Shanghai were 8.75%, 10.3% and 13.45%, respectively; the gender ratios of premature in these cities were 0.9663, 1.0600, 0.9779, respectively, the differences were not significant; the ratio of mother who had premature infant without abortion history was 75.4%, 76.7% and 73.6%, respectively. Therefore, it is obviously that the effect of abortion history was not that consequential for the premature birth in different regions; the ratio of premature birth happened to whom still work while they're pregnant was 52.0%, 26.2% and 79.2%, respectively, and the ratio of premature birth happen to less educated mothers was 49.0%, 70.4%, 20.1%, separately. The profession, educated degrees of gravidas have a relatively obvious impact on premature birth (P〈0.05). As to the effect of negative events, its ratio lead to premature birth is 57.2% in Shanghai, which took a large proportion while comparing to the 31.3% in Baise and 18.3% in Zhengzhou; there are differences among premature mothers' sleep time in the three regions as premature mothers in Zhengzhou slept (7.9±0.76)h, comparing to that (6.54±0.28)h of Baise and that (7.05±0.60)h of Shanghai, it is close to standard normal value; their BMI in pregnancy in Zhengzhou, Raise and Shanghai were(5.14±1.81) kg/m^2, (3.94±0.72)kg/m^2, and (4.86±1.16) kg/ m^2, respectively, which were remarkably different(P〈0.05). Conclusion Different premature rate of pregnant women varied in different regions; and factors of premature birth were different too. Moreover, abortion history of the mothers and gender of infants can't influence premature. However, there' s a high premature rate in the regions where pregnant women with factors like unstable income, low-degree education, severe negative events, sleep debt and low △ BMI.
出处
《当代医学》
2016年第1期3-5,共3页
Contemporary Medicine
关键词
早产
地域差异
卡方检验
影响因素
Premature birth
Differences in regions
Chi-square test
Impacts factors