小学生肥胖对心血管代谢危险因素及其聚集现象的影响

Influence of obesity in different metabolic factors and their clusters of cardiovascular risk in pupils

[目的]调查延边地区朝鲜族和汉族小学生体质量指数(BMI)及心血管代谢危险因素,分析肥胖对心血管代谢危险因素及其聚集强度的影响.[方法]采用整群抽样方法抽取延边地区2 945例小学生(朝鲜族2 011例,汉族934例)作为研究对象,通过问卷调查和体格检查方式,调查研究对象的一般情况,测定BMI、腰围(WC)、血压(BP)、空腹血糖(FBG)、三酰甘油(TG)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)等指标.[结果]延边地区朝鲜族和汉族小学生超体质量检出率分别为13.4%和8.5%,肥胖患病率分别为11.9%和6.9%,不同民族学生超体质量和肥胖患病率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).不同民族学生腹型肥胖、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症、高血压、高血糖及MS患病率均随BMI水平增高而上升(P<0.001),且不同民族超体质量和肥胖学生中上述指标检出率比较差异有统计学意义的代谢危险因素为MS、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症、高血压和高血糖.朝鲜族学生代谢危险因素0,1,2种以上异常者超体质量检出率分别为7.9%,17.2%和26.0%,肥胖检出率分别为1.5%,11.3%和37.9%;汉族学生代谢危险因素0,1,2种以上异常者超体质量检出率分别为5.1%,15.3%和21.3%,肥胖检出率分别为1.7%,6.2%和47.5%,朝鲜族和汉族学生比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),且BMI与代谢危险因素聚集强度密切相关(P<0.001).[结论]延边地区朝鲜族小学生超体质量和肥胖患病率高于汉族小学生.延边地区学生BMI与心血管代谢危险因素及其聚集强度密切相关,其患病危险均随BMI水平增加而升高.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the body mass index（BMI）and their related metabolic factors and their clusters of cardiovascular risk and to analyze the influence of obesity in the different metabolic factors and their clusters of cardiovascular risk among Korean-Chinese and Han nationality pupils in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture area.METHODS A total of 2 945 elementary school students（2 011 of KoreanChinese and 934 of Han nationality）were selected.Using epidemiological investigation methods combined with laboratory measurement,BMI,waist circumference（WC）,blood pressure（BP）,fasting blood glucose（FBG）,triglycerides（TG）and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol（HDL-C）levels were measured.RESULTS The prevalence rate of overweight was13.4% in Korean-Chinese pupils and that was8.5%in Han nationality pupils,and the prevalence rates of obesity were 11.9% and 6.9%,respectively.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in Korean-Chinese pupils were higher than that in Han nationality pupils（P 0.001）.The prevalence rates of central obesity,high TG,low HDL-C,high BP,hyperglycemia,MS were progressively higher with the increasing of the BMI levels（P〈0.001）.The detection rate of overweight in non metabolic risk factor was 7.9%,17.2% in one kind of metabolic risk factor,26.0% in two kinds of metabolic risk factors,and they were 5.1%,15.3%,21.3%in Han nationality pupils;the detection rate of obesity in non metabolic risk factor was 1.5%,11.3%in one kind of metabolic risk factor,37.9%in two kinds of metabolic risk factors,and they were 1.7%,6.2%,47.5%in Han nationality pupils,and BMI had significant relation with the clusters of metabolic risk factors（P〈0.001）.CONCLUSION The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in Korean-Chinese pupils are higher than that in Han nationality pupils.BMI has significant relation with the clusters of metabolic risk factors and the risk of different metabolic risk factors and MS is significantly increased along with the increase of BMI.