开花期干旱对黑龙江省主栽大豆品种根部性状的影响

Effect of Flowering Period Drought on the Root Traits of Soybean Cultivars Main Cultivated in Heilongjiang Province

为明确黑龙江省近期主栽大豆品种根系抗旱能力的差异,选用黑龙江省近20年育成的5个主栽大豆品种为试材,利用盆栽试验,于开花期进行不同程度的干旱处理,对根系形态、生理指标和单株粒重进行测定。结果表明:随着干旱胁迫增强,参试品种根体积、根表面积、根干重和根系活力等性状均呈先升高后降低的趋势,单株粒重呈逐渐降低的趋势。合丰25和垦丰16根体积、根表面积、根干重和根系活力在轻度干旱条件下增加较多,重度干旱条件下降低较少,合丰35和合丰39次之,绥农14轻度干旱条件下增加最少,重度干旱条件下降低最多;在受到干旱胁迫后,合丰25和垦丰16单株粒重下降较少,合丰39和合丰35次之,绥农14下降最多。从根系形态和生理指标以及单株粒重的变化规律可以看出,合丰25和垦丰16抗旱能力强,合丰35和合丰39次之,绥农14抗旱能力最弱。

In order to clarify the differences of root drought resistance of latterly main cultivated soybean cultivars in Heilongjiang province,5 main cultivated soybean cultivars which nearly 20 years bred in Heilongjiang province were used as the pot test materials,using drought stress in different levels in flowering period,the root morphological,physiological indices and seed weight per plant（ GWPP） were tested. The results showed that the root volume,root surface area,root dry weight and root activity increased and then decreased with the drought stress increased,while GWPP gradually down. root volume,root surface area,root dry weight and root activity of Hefeng 25 and Kenfeng 16 were more than others varieties under mild drought stress,and then drop less under high drought stress,secondarily Hefeng 35 and Hefeng 39; Those indicators of Suinong 14 were the fewest under mild drought stress and highest decreased under high drought. The GWPP of Hefeng 25 and Kenfeng 16 decreased slightly,Hefeng 35 and Hefeng 39 took the second place,Suinong 14 suffered the biggest drops under drought stress. The changes of root morphological,physiological index and GWPP showed that Hefeng 25 and Kenfeng 16 had better drought resistance ability,Hefeng 35 and Hefeng 39 took the second place,and Suinong 14 was the weakest.