阿片类镇痛药物的不良反应

Adverse Drug Reactions of Opioid Analgesics

目的探讨阿片类镇痛药物的不良反应。方法收集2014年1月至2015年1月临淄区妇幼保健院使用阿片类镇痛药物出现不良反应的38例患者的临床资料,统计患者的性别、年龄、用药类型、不良反应的类型等,分析导致不良反应发生的原因。结果阿片类镇痛药物的不良反应以〉70岁患者最常见,其次为60～70岁;发生率最高的为芬太尼,其次为哌替啶;主要不良反应为便秘。结论阿片类镇痛药物主要不良反应为便秘,以老年患者多见,临床应用要充分考虑患者体质和耐受性,以降低不良反应的发生率,提高临床合理用药。

Objective To investigate the side effects of opioid analgesics.Methods The clinical data of 38 patients with opioid analgesic drugs used in District,Linzi District,January 2015 to January 2014, were collected and analyzed.Results The adverse reactions of opioid analgesics were the most common in patients aged 70 to 70 years,and the incidence of adverse reactions was 60 to years old.The highest adverse reaction rate of opioid analgesics was fentanyl,followed by the treatment of the pain,and the main adverse reactions were constipation. Conclusion The main adverse reactions of opioid analgesics are constipation, so that the elderly patients can be seen,the clinical application should take full account of the patient＇s constitution and tolerance,reduce the incidence of adverse reactions,improve the clinical rational drug use.