三拗汤不同配伍煎液中盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸伪麻黄碱、苦杏仁苷和甘草酸动态规律变化

Dynamic Changes of Ephedrine Hydrochloride, Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, Amygdalin and Glycyrrhizic Acid in Different Compatibility of San-Ao Decoction

目的:研究三拗汤在不同配伍煎液中盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸伪麻黄碱、苦杏仁苷和甘草酸的动态规律变化。方法:采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定三拗汤煎液中盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸伪麻黄碱、苦杏仁苷和甘草酸的转移率,选用Kromasil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以流动相甲醇-0.1%磷酸进行梯度洗脱,流速为1 m L·min^(-1),柱温30℃,进样量10μL。其中盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸伪麻黄碱和苦杏仁苷在208 nm波长下检测,甘草酸铵在250 nm波长下检测。结果:麻黄碱转移率在合煎液中大于分煎液,伪麻黄碱转移率在麻黄与苦杏仁配伍中最高,苦杏仁苷转移率在麻黄与苦杏仁配伍中最高,甘草酸转移率在合煎液中大于分煎液。结论:中药复方在煎煮过程中存在动态规律变化,应根据其变化有针对性提高药物的有效性和稳定性。

This paper was aimed to study the dynamic changes of San-Ao（SA） decoction in different compatibility of ephedrine hydrochloride, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, amygdalin and glycyrrhizic acid. HPLC was used to simultaneously determinate the transfer rate of SA decoction of ephedrine hydrochloride, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, amygdalin and glycyrrhizic acid. Kromasil C18（4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm） column was selected with methanol and 0.1% phosphoric acid as a mobile phase to gradient. The flow rate was 1 m L·min-1. The column temperature was 30℃. The injection volume was 10 μL. Ephedrine hydrochloride, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and amygdalin were detected at the wavelength of 208 nm. The glycyrrhizic acid was detected at the wavelength of 250 nm. The results showed that the transfer rate of ephedrine hydrochloride in decoction was more than that of the single preparation. The transfer rate of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride was the highest in the combination of ephedra and bitter almond. The transfer rate of amygdalin was the highest in the combination of ephedra and bitter almond. The transfer rate of glycyrrhizic acid in decoction was more than that of the single preparation. It was concluded that there were dynamic changes in the boiling process during herbal decoction preparation. The effectiveness and stability of Chinese medicine should be improved according to these changes.