临床检验危急结果报告的规范化

Normalization of Critical Result Reporting in Laboratory Medicine

危急结果可能意味着一个危及生命或者可能导致有意义的患者发病或不可逆损害或死亡并因此需要紧急的医疗关注和行动的病理生理状态。因此，危急结果的及时和准确报告对患者安全极其重要。国际认可和患者安全标准要求医学实验室拥有用于及时可靠的将危急结果报告给负责患者的医护人员的系统。许多文献中描述了各种各样的危急结果报告实践和技术。然而，全国性调查显示出了现存危急结果报告的缺点和不足。以这些文献为基础，该文对各种报告实践进行了总结。希望能提出一致性术语，同时提供一个设计更好和更循证的能及时通知可能危害患者安全的实验室结果的方法。

Critical result was a test result which may signify a pathophysiologic state that is potentially life threatening or that could result in significant patient morbidity or irreversible harm or mortality and therefore requires urgent medical attention and action. Thus the timeliness and accuracy of critical results reporting is really important for patient safety. International accreditation and patient safety standards require pathology laboratories to have a system for the timely and reliable commu- nication of alert results to clinical personnel responsible for patient care. Various practices and a number of different termi- nologies of critical results reporting have been described in the literature. However,multinational surveys highlighted short- comings and inefficiencies in existing communication systems. Based on these literatures, several reporting practices were summarized in this article, hoping to provide harmonized terms as well as more evidence-based systems for the timely notification of laboratory results.