社区老年人心理弹性特点及其与抑郁的关系

Features of Resilience and its Relationship with Depression among Elderly People in Communities

目的探讨社区老年人的心理弹性特点及与抑郁的关系。方法采用心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)、老年抑郁量表(GDS)和自编一般情况调查表对620例老年人进行调查。结果1)社区老年人心理弹性得分为(60.17±14.28)分,与中国社区人群(65.4±13.9)分相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);2)不同社区性质、婚姻状况、居住方式的社区老年人心理弹性总分及三因素比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但不同年龄、文化程度、经济状况、健康状况、慢性病、应激事件、身体锻炼、家人关系的社区老年人心理弹性总分及三因素比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别的社区老年人心理弹性总分和力量维度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);乐观性维度除在经济状况和家庭关系上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),有其余变量上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3)心理弹性及三因素与抑郁呈负相关(r=-0.28^-0.14,P<0.001);不同抑郁程度其心理弹性得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论社区老年人心理弹性偏低,其心理弹性与抑郁呈负相关。

Objective To explore the features of resilience and its relationships with depression among elderly people in communities.Methods Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale（CD-RISC）,the Geriatric Depression Scale（GDS）and self-made general questionnaire were used to investigate 620 elderly people.Results The total scores of resilience of the samples were 60.17±14.28,which is significantly lower than the average Chinese in communities（P〈0.001）.There was no statistically significant differences in terms of total scores or the three sub-factors of resilience among elderly people of different kinds of communities,marriage situations or living styles（P〈0.05）.The differences in terms of total scores and the three sub-factors of resilience among elderly people of different age,sex,literacy level,economic conditions,family relationships,frequencies of exercise,health conditions,chronic disease conditions and stressful events were statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Resilience and the three sub-factors of resilience were negatively correlated with depression（r：-0.28,-0.14,P〈0.001）,the differences of which were statistically significant（P〈0.001）.Conclusion The resilience of elderly people in communities was relatively low,and there is a close relationship between resilience and depression.