改革科技奖励亟需回归制度常识

Reforming S&T Awards Needs Returning to the Institutional Common Sense

我国科技奖励制度始终存在着强行政导向、弱科学共同体评价的倾向,人为地将政府科技奖励与市场成功、同行认可割裂对立起来。同时,科技奖励制度实施中过分强调了科技奖励制度对于科技评价的影响,而忽视了科技奖励与科技评价的视角差异和功能区别,"反因为果"扭曲了社会认可与科技评价的关系。因此,作为一项重要的科技政策工具,应当厘清科技奖励基本属性,明确科技奖励是一种非市场化的创新激励机制,是对以市场机制为基础的劳动报酬和知识产权制度的重要补充。在回归制度常识的基础上推动科技奖励制度从多样化科技奖励体系、规范行政因素不当干预和培育科技社团职能等方面加以改革和完善。

As one of science and technology policy instruments, the science and technology award system of China has always been strongly driven by the administrative power but less impacted by the scientific community. It tends to put government awards system against success and recognition from the market and experts, presenting the system as the unique and ultimate criteria, instead of placing it in a state of harmony with social perception and academic evaluation. In order to solve these problems, the reform of science and technology awards system should clarify the fundamental concepts and theories of science and technology awards first. It should be clear that the science and technology awards system is a non-market incentive on innovation, but to supplement market-based labor remuneration and intellectual property system. Therefore, the policy reform should focus on diversifying the award system, regulating the administrative intervention and fostering a well-functioning science and technology communities.