铁路路基沉降病害监测技术研究

Research on the Monitoring Technology of Railway Subgrade Settlement Disease

研究目的:随着高速及重载铁路的发展,路基沉降已成为列车运营安全控制要素,大量路基病害均与此有关。本文通过铁路路基沉降病害特征、作用机理及沉降预测方法的研究,并对传统路基监测方法和三种新型路基沉降监测方法(车载探地雷达监测技术、合成孔径雷达干涉技术和分布式布里渊光纤传感技术)进行分析,为铁路路基沉降病害监测提供参考。研究结论:(1)铁路路基沉降主要来自路基本体和地基两个方面,是在多种因素共同作用下产生的;(2)沉降预测方法主要是基于已有的监测数据,并处于不断发展的过程中;(3)传统的监测方法已不满足高效、无损、实时的现代监测要求,新型监测方法基本满足要求,但仍存在一定的局限性;(4)在铁路路基沉降监测方面,有向分布式光纤传感监测技术发展的趋势。

Research purposes： Along with the development of the high - speed and heavy haul railway, subgrade settlement disease plays a key role in railway operation safety, which lots of subgrade diseases are relating to. This paper studies the characteristics and the action mechanism of railway subgrade settlement disease and the settlement prediction methods, analyzes the traditional subgrade settlement monitoring methods and three new subgrade settlement monitoring methods which contain vehicle -borne ground penetrating radar （Vehicle -borne GPR） monitoring technology, interfer ometric synthetic aperture radar （InSAR） and distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing technology （BOTDR）, and provides a reference for railway subgrade settlement disease monitoring. Research conclusions： （ 1 ） Railway subgrade settlement is mainly from two aspects of road base and foundation, which is produced under the function of a variety of factors. （2） Settlement prediction methods are mainly based on the existing monitoring data, and still in the process of development. （3） Traditional monitoring methods can＇t meet the modem requirements of efficient, non - destructive and real - time. New monitoring methods can basically meet the requirement, but there are still some limitations. （4） The distributed monitoring system has become the trend of the subgrade settlement monitoring technology.