滨州城乡中小学生视力调查及多因素分析

Comparative multivariate analysis of visual acuity of among urban/rural primary and middle school students in Bin zhou

目的了解城乡中小学生视力不良状况的差异及其潜在原因。方法对城乡950名中小学生发放问卷,问卷调查与视力检查结果相结合进行字2检验以及Logistic回归分析。结果 5年级及以上城乡学生视力状况出现显著统计学差异,而这种差异可以由遗传因素、不良读书习惯、作业负担、电子产品使用频度及户外锻炼情况等方面的城乡差异所解释;在诸多影响因素中,其中诱发视力不良的主要危害因素依次为于昏暗处读书、卧床读书、作业负担以及电子用品的使用。结论预防视力不良的主要保护因素依次为户外锻炼、睡眠、少使用电子产品。

Objective To survey differences between the visual acuity of primary and middle school students in urban vs.rural areas.MethodsQuestionnaires were distributed among 950 students from urban and rural primary and middleschools; the completed questionnaires were collected and analyzed together with visual examination results, using 字2 testand Logistic regression.ResultsStatistically significant difference was observed between the visual acuity of urban andrural students in grade 5 and above; this difference can be explained by the difference between the hereditary factors,reading habits, homework load, electronic devices usage and outdoor exercises of the urban and rural students; amongthese factors, the primary hazardous factors for visual acuity, in descending order, are reading in dark, reading in bed,excessive homework load, and over-usage of electronic devices; the primary protective factors for visual acuity, indescending order, are outdoor exercise and sleep.ConclusionThe main protective factors for preventing visual acuity wereoutdoor exercise, sleep and less use of electronic products.