超低氢氰酸含量新品种——蒙农9号高丹草的选育

Breeding of New Cultivar of Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense cv.Mengnong No.9 with Super-low HCN Content

为培育能综合双亲优良特性的超低氢氰酸含量高丹草新品种,将散穗高粱与红壳苏丹草组配进行种间远缘杂交获得杂种F_1代及其自交F2群体植株。利用ISSR分子标记辅助选择与常规杂交选择相结合的方法,从杂种F_2分离群体中选择优异单株,通过4次单株选择、1次混合选择及品比、区域和生产试验,历经9个世代育成了超低氢氰酸含量新品种——蒙农9号高丹草。其根系发达,平均株高409.2cm,生育期138d;种子活秆成熟,茎叶比小,分蘖性和再生性强,年可刈割利用3次;鲜草产量和种子产量高,分别为14.84×104kg/hm^2和0.60×104kg/hm^2;拔节期氢氰酸含量为3.11mg/kg,粗蛋白质含量为15.09%,粗纤维含量为24.85%,并富含粗脂肪、粗灰分、无氮浸出物及氨基酸等营养成分,是一种很有推广应用前景的饲草新品种。

In order to breed new cultivar of Sorghum-Sudanense with super-low hydrocyanic acid content, the hybrids F1 and self-cross F2 population were obtained from a wide cross between loose spike Sorghum and red shell Sudangrass. Using the method of ISSR molecular marker assisted selection and regular hybrids selection to select good single plant, a new cultivar with super-low hydrocyanic acid content, Mengnong No. 9 Sorghum-sudanense, was bred after 9 successive generations, by four individual selection and one mass selection, variety comparative tests, regional trials, and productive experiments. The cultivat had developed root system, small stem-to-leaf ratio, strong tillers and regeneration vigor, which could be cut for 3 times each year. The average plant height was 409.2cm, the growing period was around 138 days, and the stems and leave were green after seed maturing. The fresh yield and seed yield were about 148400kg/hm2 and 6000kg/hme respectively; the content of CN- was 3. 11mg/kg, the crude protein con- tent was 15.09% and the crude fiber was 24.8% at the jointing stage, which was rich in crude fat, crude ash, nitrogen-free lixivium and amino acids and it is a new cultivar of Sorghum-Sudanense with broad prospect in application.