无醛GS液替代致癌剂甲醛液在标本固定中的运用比较

A comparative study on formaldehyde-free fixatives replaced by formaldehyde in tissue fixation

目的比较无醛GS固定液和传统的甲醛液对新鲜病理组织的固定及其对病理标本长期保存效果的差异,探讨无醛GS固定液替代甲醛液用于病理标本固定的可行性。方法将同类新鲜组织标本分别用环保型标本保存液、无醛GS固定液和传统的甲醛液固定48 h,然后进行石蜡包埋HE染色和免疫组化染色,对比3种固定方法下组织HE染色和免疫组化染色的质量和效果。此外,用以上3种固定液固定保存组织标本1年,比较3种固定液对病理标本的固定和保存效果。结果 GS无醛固定液和甲醛液对新鲜标本固定效果相同,均能很好地保留组织细胞结构和细胞内各种抗原成分,HE染色和免疫组化染色效果良好;而环保型无醛标本保存液对对甲醛液固定处理2月后的标本保存效果良好,但对新鲜组织的固定效果差,标本出现组织变软、液体浑浊及标本上浮水平面。结论无醛GS固定液对病理标本的固定、组织制片和组织抗原性保存方面的效果与甲醛液相似,环保型标本保存液用于经过无醛GS液固定2月后的病理标本保存效果好,GS无醛固定液可替代致癌剂甲醛液在标本固定、组织切片制作和免疫组化染色中的运用。

Objective To compare the different tissue fixation effects of environmental fixative, GS formaldehyde-free fixative and formaldehyde, and to investigate the application of alternative fixatives to formaldehyde in pathologic specimen fixation. Methods The fresh tissue specimen was fixed with environmental fixative, GS formaldehyde-free fixative and formaldehyde respectively for 48 hours, then paraffin embedding of haematoxylin-eosin （ HE ） and immunohistochemistry staining dyeing was conducted and three different dyeing results were compared among their qualities and effects. Additionally, the above-mentioned fixatives were used to fix and preserve the tissue specimen for one year, and the fixation results were compared among environmental fixative, GS formaldehyde-free fixative and formaldehyde. Results The GS formaldehyde-free fixative had an equal fixative effect as formaldehyde, both of which showed well in HE and imumnohisto- chemistry staining dyeing results with clear cell outline and exact antigenicity location. However, tissues fixed with environmental fixative worked well towards the specimen fixed with formaldehyde after two months but poor towards fresh tissues with tissue softening, liquid haziness and specimen floating on surthce. Con- clusion GS formaldehyde-free fixative can replace formaldehyde acting as routine tissues fixation and preservation with a satisfactory H E and immunohistochemistry straining results. But the environmental fixative is not suitable to be used as the routine specimen preservation and fixation.