钙钛矿敏化太阳电池制备工艺的优化研究

Study on the Fabrication of Perovskites Sensitized Solar Cells

近年来,有机金属卤化物钙钛矿太阳电池因制备条件温和、光吸收强、能耗低、光电转化效率高等优点成为备受瞩目的研究热点。本文采用一步法制备钙钛矿材料甲胺碘化铅(CH3NH3Pb I3),并以廉价的聚(3-己基噻吩)(P3HT)为空穴传输材料在大气环境下制备钙钛矿敏化太阳电池。其中,通过调控Ti O2浆料与松油醇、乙基纤维素的配比,分别制备具有250 nm、600 nm和1 000 nm三种不同厚度的Ti O2纳米颗粒多孔薄膜光阳极,并系统考察钙钛矿前驱体溶液旋涂量对敏化电极结构形貌及光吸收性能的影响。太阳电池光电特性测试结果表明:当Ti O2多孔层厚度为600 nm、钙钛矿前驱体溶液的旋涂量为40μl时,CH3NH3Pb I3能够较为完全地覆盖在多孔Ti O2的表面,且钙钛矿材料的晶粒尺寸合适,Ti O2孔道结构未被堵塞,有利于空穴导体的填充以及空穴的转移与传输,优化后的太阳电池光电转化效率达到5.17%。

Perovskites sensitized solar cells have attracted great interest owing to the easy fabrication conditions, excellent absorption property, low energy consumption, and high power conversion efficiency （PCE）. Herein, we successfully synthesized CH3NHaPbI3 via one-step method and fabricated perovskite sensitized solar cells by using P3HT as hole-transport material under ambient condition. Mesoporous TiO2 films with different thickness （i.e. 250 nm, 600 nm, and 1 000 nm） have been obtained by regulating the mole ratios of TiO2 pastes, terpineol, and ethyl cellulose. Furthermore, the influences of precursor volume on the microstructures and optical properties for the perovskite sensitized films were also systematically investigated. Results showed that when the thickness of the TiO2 mesoporous layer was -600 nm, and the volume of perovskite precursor solutions was 40 μl, the perovskite layer with desirable grain sizes is covered sufficiently onto the TiO2 surface, and the pores between TiO2 nanoparticles were still remained, which favors the effective filling of hole-transport materials and is beneficial to the photo-generated hole transport in device. The optimized perovskite sensitized solar cells exhibited a PCE of 5.17%.