两种方法萃取聚丙烯腈原丝中残留溶剂的对比研究

Contrastive Study of Two Kinds of Methods in the Extraction of Remaining Solvent from PAN Precursors

采用水煮法和回流法对聚丙烯腈(PAN)原丝中残留溶剂——二甲基亚砜(DMSO)进行萃取,研究了不同处理时间和方法对萃取结果的影响,并使用气相色谱仪对萃取物进行了定性分析。结果显示:回流处理80 min即可将PAN原丝中残留的DMSO萃取完全,而使用水煮法处理120 min也能达到相同的萃取效果。通过对比两种萃取物的气相色谱数据,发现两者主峰的DMSO峰形及出峰时间保持不变。采用水煮法可以实现对DMSO的萃取,虽耗时较长,但设备简单、易于控制、耗能少;使用回流法虽然耗时较短,但同时也存在设备复杂,易产生冷凝水浪费等缺点。

The remaining dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO） in polyacrylonitrile （PAN） precursors was extracted by boiling water extraction and back-flow method. Effect of treating time and method on the extraction results was researched, and structural study of the extraction was conducted by gas chromatograph. Results showed that DMSO was completely extracted within 80 minutes by boiling water extraction method and that by back-flow method was 120 minutes. Through the comparison of two kinds of extraction by gas chromatograph, the main peak of DMSO and eluotropic time were almost the same. The extraction of DMSO by boiling water extraction method was time consuming process. However, the equipments were simple. The whole process was easy to control and had less energy consumption. The treating time of back-flow method was short, but the equipments were complex and led to a waste of water.