急性呼吸道感染患者常见病毒检测分析

Detection of common viruses in patients with acute respiratory tract infection

目的:了解我院呼吸道感染患者咽拭子常见呼吸道病毒检出情况,为临床疾病诊治提供参考依据。方法:采用直接免疫荧光法,对患者咽拭子进行检测,了解患者呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、流感病毒(IV-A、IV-B)、副流感病毒(PIV-1、PIV-2和PIV-3)感染/携带情况。结果:20 772例患者的咽拭子样本,病毒总检出率为18.09%,其中以RSV检出率最高(7.63%),其次为IA(4.59%)。童年组的阳性率为29.68%,RSV检出率最高,为51.22%,其中婴幼儿以检出RSV为主,学龄前期RSV和IV-A检出比例相对接近;而少年组阳性率为9.84%,以IV-A、AD检出为主(38.42%,38.71%);青年组和中年组病毒阳性率相接近,分别为3.58%和3.36%,两组皆以IV-B为主;老年组阳性率为6.15%,以IV-A为主。RSV在四季均有流行。混合病毒感染较少见,仅占0.04%,并且多见于小于2岁婴幼儿。结论:呼吸道感染患者咽拭子中7种病毒检出率与年龄有关;童年组,特别是婴幼儿7种病毒检出率最高,以RSV为主。

Objective：To investigate the detection of respiratory tract viruses from throat swabs of patients in a hospital so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods：Throat swabs of patients with RTI were detected by direct immunofluorescence assay,infection/carriage of respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）,adenovirus（ADV）,influenza virus（IV-A,IV-B）,parainfluenza virus（PIV-1,PIV-2,and PIV-3）in patients were surveyed.Results：Of the 20,772 throat swab specimens of outpatient and inpatient patients,the total detection rate was 18.09%.Of which,the detection rate of RSV was the highest（7.63%）,followed by IV-A（4.59%）.For the childhood group,the positive rate was 29.68%,the positive rate of RSV was the highest（51.22%）.Of which,RSV detection was mainly for infants,and the detection rate of RSV and IVA for preschool children approximated relatively.The positive rate of the junior group was 9.84%,and the main detection was IV-A and AD,whose detection rate was 38.42% and 38.71% respectively.The positive detection rate of IV-B,the main detecting viruse for the young and middle-aged group approximated each other,which was 3.58% and 3.36% respectively.The positive detection rate of IV-A,the main detecting virus,for the elderly group was 6.15%.The virus of RSV was common in each season,but the mixed infection was rare,accounting for only 0.04%,and it was found common in infants aged below 2.Conclusion：The detection rate of 7 kinds of viruses isolated from throat swabs of outpatient and inpatient patients with RTI is related to age.The highest detection rate of the 7 kinds of viruses is from the childhood group,infants in particular,and RSA is the main virus.