东盟灾害救援评析:机制、实践与前景

An Analysis of ASEAN's Policy on Disaster Relief: Mechanism,Practice and Prospects

东南亚是一个自然灾害频发但各国应对能力相当有限的地区。近年来,东盟专门出台了一系列关于地区灾害救援合作的政策文件,建立了一些颇具代表性的多边机制,开展了相当多的项目与活动,并加强了和国际组织、对话伙伴与成员国的政策协调,在灾害救援方面发挥的作用越来越受到国际社会的关注。从实际的灾害救援行动和效果来看,虽然机制建设得到了加强,但东盟在热带风暴纳尔吉斯灾后救援的协调作用远远大于后来在台风海燕救灾中的功能。东盟仍需要进一步推进体制机制建设,加强与各方的协调配合,建立信息和技术分享系统,推动对话伙伴和成员国支持其在地区灾害救援中的特殊作用,并在实际工作中增强自身的规划、协调、检测和评估能力,为建设东盟共同体做出应有的贡献。

Natural disasters break out consequently in Southeast Asia, while the regional countries＇ capabilities of managing disasters relief are quite limited. In recent years, ASEAN has issued a series of policy documents on facilitating regional disaster relief, built some relevant multilateral mechanisms, and carried out many projects and activities, and enhanced policy coordination with international organizations, dialogue partners, and its member states. Role of ASEAN in managing disaster relief has attracted more attention from regional and international society. From the perspective of real effects from disaster relief practices, ASEAN played a bigger role in disaster relief after Cyclone Nargis than Typhoon Haiyan. ASEAN still needs to promote further institutional building, boost more coordination with various parties, establish more advanced information and technique sharing systems, encourage dialogue partners and member states to support its special role in regional disaster relief, so as to enhance its own capability in planning, coordination, testing and evaluation in the real work, and make due contribution to the construction of ASEAN Community.