倾斜山坡地块面积的精确量算与精度分析

Accurate Measurement and Calculation with Accuracy Analysis of Block Area on Tilt Hillside

对于倾斜山坡上多边形地块,利用电子全站仪测定该地块中的转折点的三维坐标,先按其中3点求出初始平面方程;然后以此为基础,按最小二乘法的间接平差原理,解算出初始平面方程式系数的改正值,得到拟合的倾斜平面方程式;计算该平面与水平面的夹角,然后求出该地块投影到水平面上的面积,由该面积和夹角即可精确计算出地块的倾斜面积;最后对该地块的面积精度进行评定。

To the polygonal block on tilt hillside,we use electronic total station to determine the 3D coordinates of the block＇s turning points. First, we use the three points of coordinates to obtain the initial plane equation. Second, according to the adjustment of observation equations of the least square method, the correcting value of initial plane equation＇s coefficients is calculated, and the fitting tilt plane equation is obtained. Third, we calculate the angle between the plane and horizontal plane, and the projected area of the block to the horizontal plane is obtained. Then the tilt area of the block can be calculated out accurately by using the area and the angle. At last, the accuracy of the land area will be evaluated.