试论1633年前后荷兰殖民者对明朝海商策略的变化

The Strategic Change of the Dutch Colonists to the Ming Dynasty Maritime around 1633

1633年前,侵占台湾的荷兰殖民者对明朝海商的策略主要体现在对武装海商的利用上,将其视为以武力胁迫明朝当局开放贸易的工具。1633年料罗湾海战失败后,荷方开始改变策略,转而加强与普通海商之间的合作,让后者在明荷交涉中扮演重要角色,并成功地说服明朝地方当局开放台湾大员的自由贸易,两岸贸易此后迅速发展起来,荷方也得以从中赚取巨额利润。但荷兰殖民者对明朝海商策略在根本上存在的局限性,决定了双方之间的合作关系难以长期维持,最终必将走向对抗。

Before 1633, the strategy of the Dutch colonists to the Ming Dynasty maritime in Taiwan was mainly reflected inthe use of armed maritime, which was regarded as the tool to coerce the authorities by force into opening up their trade. Afterthe naval defeat in the battle of Liaoluo Bay in 1633, the Dutch Colonists began to change their strategy in favor of enhancingtheir cooperation with general maritime, allowed the latter to play an important role in negotiation between Dutch and Ming dy-nasty and at last persuaded successfully the local authorities of the Ming Dynasty to open the free trade for the high-ranking offi-cials in Taiwan. As a result, the trade between the two sides had quickly developed ever since with the Netherlands havingreaped huge profits. However, there existed fundamentally some limitations in the strategy of Dutch colonists to the Ming Dy-nasty maritime, which resulted in the difficulty in maintaining the long-term cooperation between the two sides and, eventuallyled to confrontation.