论司法鉴定救助制度再完善——以《民事诉讼法》解释为视角

On the Improvement of the Legal Aid System in Judicial Appraisal——From the Perspective of the New Judicial Interpretation of Civil Procedure Law

司法鉴定救助制度是一项特殊的法律援助制度,旨在为无力支付司法鉴定费用的受援人提供鉴定服务。实践中,极大多数司法鉴定救助被用于民事诉讼活动中,以弥合受援人在诉讼活动中的弱势地位。最高人民法院新《民事诉讼法》司法解释的施行,在立案标准、证据制度等诸方面做出修订解释,对司法鉴定救助制度救助程序启动、救助内容与责任监督三个方面产生了不同的影响。完善现有的司法鉴定救助制度,可以从出台省级鉴定救助办法、合理扩张司法鉴定救助对象与种类、改良财政拨款运筹缓解救助压力、细化对承担救助任务的鉴定机构与鉴定人的监管责任和加强各部门协调联动五个方面着手,提出可供参考的方案。

Legal aid in judicial appraisal is a special type of the legal aid system, which helps the recipients who cannot afford to get judicial appraisal services. In practice,the majority of aid are in civil litigation activities. The recently enacted Judicial Interpretation of Civil Procedure Law by the Supreme People＇s Court in 2015 has changed the standards for filing civil cases and the rules of civil evidence. Meanwhile, the new interpretation has affected the initiation procedure, contents and supervision mechanism of the legal aid in judicial appraisal. Based on this, several measures are proposed, including formulating regulations at the provincial level, expanding the recipients and types of legal aid, strengthening the fiscal appropriation, detailing the responsibilities of the involved appraisal institutions and enhancing the cooperation and coordination among relevant domestic agencies.