河南偃师市二里头遗址宫殿区1号巨型坑的勘探与发掘

The Detection and Excavation of the Huge Pit No.1 at the Palace Zone of the Erlitou Site in Yanshi City,Henan

2010年春季，中国社会科学院考古研究所二里头工作队在对二里头遗址宫殿区进行的系统勘探中，发现了一处大型坑状遗迹，编号为1号巨型坑。为进一步了解该坑的内涵、年代、性质等，2010年3～12月，我队布设探方（沟）进行了发掘（图一）。

In 2010, the coring test to the palace zone of the Erlitou Site revealed a huge pit covering an area of over 2200 sq m and almost 7 m at the deepest place. The ground nearby it was paved with liaojiang （calcareous nodule） pieces, showing that it was a special location. The terminus ad quem of this pit was Phase II of the Erlitou Culture, the original intention for digging which would be quarrying earth for the construction of the large-scale rammed-earth architectural foundation. The sectioning of this pit recovered four complete piglet skeletons lying orderly in the same posture, one small house foundation, one potsherd heap, one potsherd- paved path and many hard-trodden paths hinting that sacrificing and living activities have been conducted after the forming of this huge pit. It was gradually silted and refilled in the later times, and was filled up down to Phase 1Vof the Erlitou Culture.