小檗碱对多囊卵巢综合征大鼠代谢及生殖作用的研究

Effect of Berberine on metabolism and reproduction in rats with polycystic ovarian syndrome

目的探讨小檗碱对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)大鼠代谢及生殖的作用。方法采用皮下注射脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)造模法建立PCOS大鼠模型,将大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、二甲双胍组和小檗碱组,分别给予相应药物连续灌胃28 d。用电子精密天平测量脂肪湿重,计算脂体比;全自动生化分析仪测定大鼠血清胆固醇及三酰甘油水平;口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)测定血糖;计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMAIR)。行阴道涂片、苏木精-伊红染色法(HE)观察动情周期;用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测促卵泡生成素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、睾酮(T)、胰岛素(INS)水平;行卵巢组织HE染色,光镜下观察卵巢组织形态学变化。结果与正常对照组比较,模型对照组大鼠体内脂肪湿重及脂体比增加,血清胆固醇水平明显升高,糖耐量异常,空腹胰岛素及HOMA-IR明显升高,失去规律的动情周期,血清FSH、LH、T水平升高,卵巢呈多囊样改变。小檗碱和二甲双胍可不同程度地改变PCOS大鼠上述病理改变,小檗碱在降低血清胆固醇及脂肪湿重、脂体比方面明显优于二甲双胍。结论小檗碱可改善PCOS大鼠糖、脂代谢异常,降低LH、T水平,恢复大鼠动情周期,改善卵巢形态学结构。

[Objective] To study the effect of Berberine on metabolism and reproduction in rats with polycystic ovarian syndrome （PCOS）. [Methods] PCOS rat model was established by subcutaneous injection of DHEA. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups： normal control group, model control group, Metformin group and Berberine group. Wet weight of fat in the four groups was measured with electronic precision balance. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer, and blood glucose was detected using oral glucose tolerance test （OGTF）. Estrous cycles were obserced by vaginal smear and HE staining method. Follicle stimulating hormone （FSH）, luteinizing hormone （LH）, testosterone （T） and in- sulin levels were detected by ELISA. Ovarian morphology was observed using HE staining and light mic- roscopy. [Results ] Compared with the normal control group, the wet weight of fat in the model control group significantly increased. Cholesterol, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, FSH, Lid and T levels of the model control group were markedly higher than those of the normal control group. Rats in the model control group had polycystie ovaries, abnormal glucose tolerance and irregular estrus cycles. Berberine and Mefformin ameliorated the above pathological changes of PCOS rats to different degree. Berberine had better effects on lowering serum cholesterol and body fat than Metformin. [Conclusions] Berberine can improve glucose and lipid metabolism, reduce LH and T levels, restore estrus cycle and improve ovarian morphology in PCOS rats.