颈胸椎椎弓板的解剖学研究与应用

Anatomical study of laminae of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

目的 获得成年人颈椎2～7及胸椎1～12椎弓板的相关解剖学数据,探讨研究解剖型钢板的可能性.方法 选取成年人干燥脊柱标本50例,男性25例,女性25例.分别测量颈椎2～7及胸椎1～12椎弓板的宽度、厚度、交角、弧度及倾斜角.结果 男、女测量数据比较和两侧椎弓板测量数据比较,差异无统计学意义.C2～C7和T1～T12椎弓板宽度总体呈先减后增趋势;C2～C7椎弓板厚度总体呈递增趋势,胸椎相对较厚;C2～C7和T1～T12椎弓板交角总体呈先增后减的趋势;C2～C7椎弓板弧度总体呈逐渐变小的趋势,胸椎椎弓板弧度总体差别不大;C2～C7椎弓板倾斜角总体呈先减后增的趋势,胸椎总体差异不大.结论 测量成年人椎弓板解剖数据,尤其是椎弓板弧度,在临床和科研工作中有一定的应用价值,对研究解剖型钢板有重要意义.

[Objective ] To attain the relevant anatomical data of laminae of vertebral arches C2-C7 and T1-T12 of adults. [Methods] The laminae of C2-C7 and T1-T12 vertebral arches were observed in 50 adult dry spine specimens, including 25 male and 25 female specimens. The width, thickness, crossing angle, radian and angle of inclination of C2-C7 and T1-T12 were measured. [Results] There were no significant differ- ences between the measurement data of male and female or of vertebral boards of both sides. The width of C2-C7 and T1-T12 vertebral arches tended to decrease first and then increase. The thickness of C2-C7 ver- tebral arches increased, the T2-T12 vertebral arches were relatively thicker. While the crossing angles of C2- C7 and T1-T12 firstly increased and then decreased. The radian of C2-C7 vertebral arches gradually de- creased. The inclination angles of C2-C7 initially decreased but turned to increase; there was little difference in radian and inclination angle of T1-T12. [Conclusions] It is of great significance to measure the anatomi- cal data of adult vertebral arches, especially the curvature of vertebral arch plate. It has certain application value in clinical and scientific research.