陈寅恪中古史研究方法于清初文史研究之启示

The Enlightenment of Chen Yinque's Ancient History Research Method in the Study of Literature and History in the Early Qing Dynasty

陈寅恪以中国中古史为专业,其中以唐史研究之成果最为丰硕,先后出版了《隋唐制度渊源略论稿》《唐代政治史述论稿》和《元白诗笺证稿》。虽然陈寅恪研究的是传统学问,但其在史学与政学之间紧密贯通,史实的叙述中带着现实的关怀,考据的辨析和陈述中透着鲜明的文化立场和价值取向。在他的论述中,唐代社会政治军事联系非常紧密,其实清代亦如是。以清代早期的八旗制度为例,就可看出王朝的兴衰与立国之政治器局、兵制莫不有关联。同时,透过在清初康熙年间首开的博学鸿词科对清代文学、文化、兵制、职官等各个方面的影响,亦可观文学与政治之间的关系。

Chen Yinque committed to Chinese ancient history research,and he was especially an expert in history of the Tang Dynasty. He published three works one after another： The Origin of the System on the Draft of the Sui and Tang Dynasties,The Tang Dynasty Political History of the Manuscript,and The Manuscript of Yuan Bai＇s Poetry Annotation. Although Chen Yinque did traditional research,he investigated between historiography and politics. The narration of historical facts focuses on reality,and the analysis and statement of textual criticism reveals a distinctive cultural position and value orientation. In his discussion,politics and military affairs were closely related to each other in Tang Dynasty,and so were in Qing Dynasty. The Eight Banners system in the early Qing Dynasty can show that the rise and fall of the dynasty is associated with the political field and military system. In addition,in years of Emperor Kangxi the first Bo Xue Hong Ci section was carried out,which influenced literature,culture,military system,the official system in the Qing Dynasty,and it also indicated the relationship between literature and politics.