从文化的“种性”到公共论域的“社会”——论当代中西主流价值文化的差异

From the "Species" of Culture to the "Society" in the Public Domain——On the Difference of the Main-stream Contemporary Value Culture Between China and Western Countries

当代中国主流价值文化是中国特色社会主义价值文化,而当今西方主流价值文化是西方资本主义核心价值观的现实化,即一种资本主义价值文化。这种资本主义价值文化在文化的"种性"上即规定为以个体自由为本位、以资本增值为轴心的文化,在公共论域的"社会"中,它以社会公正作为其主流价值理念和基本价值原则。相对于当代西方主流价值文化,当代中国主流价值文化在文化的"种性"上表征为以群体为生存本位并注重社会和谐的价值文化。比较当代中西主流价值文化,关键问题在于,不能通过经验理性的知识论述,把西方或者中国选择的主流价值文化推论为普遍性的进而可以要求异于西方或者中国无条件接受的唯一的价值文化,而应通过对将当代西方主流价值文化及其构建之经验与当代中国主流价值文化及其构建之经验加以比照与反思,从而准确把握当代中国主流价值文化及其构建的定位和发展方向。

The main-stream contemporary value culture in China is cultural value of socialism with Chinese characteristics,and the contemporary western main-stream value culture is the core value system of western capitalist reality,the value of a capitalist culture. This capitalist value culture is defined as a culture for capital appreciation in view of the ＂species＂ of culture,and in this kind of culture which stresses the individual freedom is defined as a standard; the ＂society＂ in the public domain is seen as its main-stream values and principles of fundamental values. Relative to the value of contemporary western main-stream culture,contemporary Chinese main-stream value culture is cultural value of socialism with Chinese characteristics. This culture is characterized as socialist culture in view of the ＂ species＂ of culture. Contemporary Chinese main-stream value culture focuses on groups for survival and based on the value of the social and cultural harmony. When comparing the value of contemporary Chinese and western main-stream culture,we can discuss the key issues by the experience of rational knowledge speculating that the mainstream cultural values selected by individual（ Western or Chinese） should be universal,and thus may require individual differences（ Western or Chinese） to unconditionally accept the unique value culture. But we should base on the contemporary main-stream values of western culture and its construction experience and value of contemporary Chinese culture and the mainstream construction experience as reference and reflection,so ready to grasp the contemporary Chinese main-stream culture value orientation and the direction of development and construction.