毒蜘蛛咬伤84例患者临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics analysis of 84 patients bitten by poisonous spiders

目的:了解新疆喀什地区毒蜘蛛咬伤临床特点。方法:收集2010-06-2015-09我院被毒蜘蛛咬伤留观及住院病例84例,对患者人群特征、临床表现、实验室及其他辅助检查结果进行回顾性分析,总结。结果:被咬伤患者多为壮年务农者,月份集中在6~9月,患者多有头痛、头晕、胸闷、胸痛、腹痛、腹胀、皮疹等症状,其中并发心肌炎8例(9.5%),低钾血症28例(33.3%)。出现腹胀开始时间为咬伤后2h^5d,平均(1.4±0.9)d,腹胀缓解时间为3~10d,平均(5.4±1.7)d;皮疹开始时间为咬伤后1h^7d,平均(2.2±1.9)d,皮疹消退时间为3~10d,平均(6.3±2.2)d。症状表现为轻症患者68例与重症患者16例,轻重症患者在年龄、性别、咬伤月份、民族间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:新疆地区毒蜘蛛咬伤人群及患者临床表现具有一定的特点,病程演变具有一定的规律,了解这些特点和规律有利于防治此病。

Objective：To understand the clinical characteristics of the patients bitten by poisonous spiders of xinjiang kashi region.Method：Collected 84 cases bitten by poisonous spiders under observation and hospitalized in xinjiang zepu county people＇s hospital from June 2010 to September 2015.Retrospectively analyzed and summarized the population characteristics,clinical manifestation,laboratory and other assistant examination.Result：The patients bitten by poisonous spiders mostly were middle-aged farmers.It happened mainly in June to September.Many patients had headache,dizziness,chest pain,abdominal pain,abdominal distention,erythra and other symptoms,including 8cases complicated by myocarditis（9.5%）,28 cases complicated by hypokalemia（33.3%）.Abdominal distention started in the 2nd hour to 5th day（average 1.4±0.9day）after bitten,abdominal distension relieved in the 3rd day to 10 th day（average 5.4±1.7day）;Erythra started in the 1st hour to 7th day（average2.2±1.9day）after bitten,erythra disappeared in the 3rd day to 10 th day（average 6.3±2.2day）.There were no significant differences in age,gender,bitten month,and nationality between the 68 mild symptom patients and the16 severe symptom patients（P〉0.05）.Conclusion：The population feature and clinical manifestation bitten by the poisonous spiders of xinjiang region have certain characteristics,development course of the disease has certain rules,Understanding these characteristics and rules is beneficial to prevent and cure the disease.