上海市浦东新区建筑工地外来男工安全性行为干预研究

Study on Behavioral Intervention among Migrant Male Workers on Construction Sites in Pudong New District,Shanghai

目的基于社会认知理论,在浦东新区建筑工地外来男工中,开展健康行为干预并评价其对安全性行为的干预效果。方法用整群抽样的方法,在上海市浦东新区三个建筑工地随机抽取413名外来建筑男工,随机分为干预组和对照组。干预前和干预后3个月,对所有研究对象进行问卷调查,比较干预前后两组间的社会认知因素的改变情况,评估干预效果。结果干预后,干预组(205人)的艾滋病预防的认知得分均分由7.22分提高到12.44分(P<0.01),安全套使用的自我效能得分均分由18.31分提高到19.64分(P<0.01),安全套使用的策略和技巧得分均分由14.94分提高到17.96分(P<0.01);对照组(208人)在各个社会认知因素及安全性行为方面无明显改变(P>0.05)。结论基于社会认知理论的健康行为干预,提高了目标人群的艾滋病相关认知,提升了安全套使用的自我效能和技巧策略,对研究对象的安全性行为采纳起到了推动作用。

Objective To conduct the healthy behavioral interventions among migrant construction male workers in Pudong district of Shanghai,and evaluate the effect after the interventions based on social cognitive theory.Methods 408 migrant workers were chosen from three randomly selected construction sites by using cluster random sampling and separated into intervention group and control group randomly.Knowledge of HIV/AIDS,self-efficacy of condom use and skill and strategy of condom use were three main aspects of the behavioral interventions among intervention group（n=205）,correspondingly,no behavioral intervention was conducted among control group（n=208）.The same surveys were carried out before the intervention and after three-month intervention among all the participants.The social cognitive factors were compared between two groups and then the intervention effect was evaluated.Results The intervention group had a score of12.44 on the knowledge of HIV/AIDS,higher than the score of 7.22 before the intervention（P〈0.01）,and the result of self-efficacy of condom use increased from 18.31 to 19.64（P〈0.01）,and skill and strategy of condom use were enhanced from 14.94 to 17.96（P〈0.01）.The control group has no improvement in social cognitive factors and condom use with sexual partners（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Behavioral intervention,based on social cognitive theory,improved knowledge of HIV/AIDS,self-efficacy of condom use and skill and strategy of condom use of the intervention group,which promote the safe sex among the participants.